SNCB-CAF: Belgium’s EMU/BEMU Fleet Renewal & Rail Modernization

SNCB Reaffirms CAF as Preferred Bidder for New EMU and BEMU Fleet, Signaling Major Fleet Renewal

In a significant development for Belgium’s passenger rail network, the Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Belges (SNCB), has reconfirmed CAF (Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles) as the preferred supplier for a comprehensive new fleet of Electric Multiple Units (EMU) and Battery Electric Multiple Units (BEMU). This decision, announced on July 23, 2025, follows a period of review spurred by the suspension of the initial selection by the Council of State. The core of this announcement revolves around the procurement of new rolling stock to replace aging units, bolster passenger capacity, and embrace more environmentally friendly technologies. This framework agreement, valued at up to EUR 3.4 billion, underlines SNCB’s commitment to modernizing its fleet and improving the passenger experience across the Belgian rail network. The ‘who’ is SNCB and CAF, the ‘what’ is the supply of EMUs and BEMUs, the ‘when’ is a process finalized in 2025, the ‘where’ is Belgium, the ‘why’ is fleet modernization, and the ‘how’ involves a framework contract with CAF.

Addressing Legal Challenges and Reaffirming Commitment

The SNCB’s decision to reaffirm CAF as the preferred bidder comes after the Council of State suspended the initial decision made on February 28, 2025. The subsequent review, undertaken by the SNCB Board of Directors, incorporated the Council of State’s ruling. The operator faced scrutiny regarding its selection process, particularly concerning the potential for preferential treatment towards local suppliers. The SNCB clarified its adherence to the European Union’s legal framework, which prohibits awarding additional points based on local manufacturing or employment benefits. This reconfirmation, following the detailed review, demonstrates the railway operator’s commitment to a transparent and legally compliant procurement process. SNCB emphasized its selection criteria were strictly based on the best price-quality ratio as required by EU law.

Framework Contract Details and Fleet Capacity Enhancement

Under the framework agreement, CAF is positioned to develop, manufacture, and supply the AM30 trains. The Board approved the continuation of the procurement process with CAF, with the aim to finalize the award of the framework contract. This contract encompasses a maximum scope of 170,000 seats. The initial base order, estimated at approximately EUR 1.7 billion, is for units totaling 54,000 seats. This initial order marks a significant step toward gradually replacing the current MR30 railcar fleet. The ultimate goal is to significantly enhance passenger capacity and comfort across the Belgian rail network. The phased replacement is crucial for accommodating rising passenger demand and improving service reliability.

Passenger Comfort and Technological Advancements

The new EMU and BEMU trains are designed to significantly improve passenger comfort and cater to diverse needs. Key features include enhanced accessibility for persons with reduced mobility, dedicated quiet zones, clear information screens, onboard connectivity, and ample space for bicycles. Furthermore, the introduction of battery-powered trains (BEMU) will facilitate the gradual replacement of existing diesel multiple units (DMU), contributing to SNCB’s environmental sustainability goals. The transition to BEMU technology aligns with broader industry trends toward cleaner, more energy-efficient rail transport.

Meeting Public Service Contract Obligations and Fleet Modernization Goals

The procurement of the new EMU and BEMU fleet is a critical component of the 2023–2032 Public Service Contract signed between SNCB and the Belgian State in December 2022. This contract mandates the renewal of 50% of SNCB’s fleet by the end of the contract period. Timely delivery of these new trains is essential not only for meeting increasing passenger demand but also for enhancing customer satisfaction and replacing aging rolling stock prone to breakdowns. By embracing these fleet upgrades, SNCB aims to deliver more reliable and efficient rail services across Belgium.

Conclusion

The reaffirmation of CAF as the preferred bidder for the new EMU and BEMU fleet signifies a pivotal moment for SNCB and the future of passenger rail transport in Belgium. This decision, made in compliance with European legal standards, highlights SNCB’s dedication to fleet modernization, passenger comfort, and sustainable transportation solutions. The framework agreement provides a pathway for a substantial investment in modern rolling stock, improving the overall passenger experience and capacity while also contributing to the environmental sustainability of the Belgian railway network. This announcement underscores the ongoing shift towards advanced technology and increased customer focus within the rail industry. The project will be closely watched for its impact on SNCB’s operational efficiency and its success in accommodating increased passenger traffic. The timely deployment of the new trainsets is crucial for SNCB in fulfilling its contractual obligations and achieving its ambitious fleet renewal objectives.