X-Wagen Metro Trains Project Profile: Vienna U-Bahn Modernisation

The X-Wagen project is a comprehensive rolling stock renewal program for the Vienna U-Bahn, led by operator Wiener Linien. This initiative introduces a new generation of high-capacity, energy-efficient metro trains manufactured by Siemens Mobility, designed to facilitate Vienna’s transition to fully automated metro operation on the new U5 line while modernizing the existing network.

Technical Specifications

Rolling Stock Design & Performance

The X-Wagen is a six-car articulated trainset measuring 111 meters in length. Its car bodies are constructed from lightweight aluminum, reducing overall mass to decrease energy consumption and track wear. Each train operates on a 750V DC power supply, ensuring compatibility with the existing U-Bahn infrastructure, and can achieve a maximum operational speed of 80 km/h. A key mechanical innovation is the use of an advanced airless braking system, which enhances braking efficiency and significantly reduces maintenance requirements compared to traditional compressed air systems.

Automation & Operational Flexibility

A defining feature of the X-Wagen is its design for Grade of Automation 4 (GoA4) unattended train operation (UTO). The fleet is being deployed in two modes: manually driven on the existing U1-U4 lines and in a fully automated configuration for the new U5 line. In automated mode, the driver’s cab is removed, increasing passenger capacity from 928 to 952. This dual-mode capability provides Wiener Linien with maximum operational flexibility during the network’s multi-decade transition towards full automation.

Passenger Systems & Sustainability

The interior features an open, gangway-connected design, providing step-free access throughout the train and optimizing passenger distribution. A dynamic Passenger Information System (PIS) with screens above each door displays real-time route progress and next-station information. In line with modern sustainability standards, the trains are constructed from over 90% recyclable materials and utilize energy-efficient LED lighting. The HVAC systems, supplied by Liebherr, use natural refrigerants to minimize environmental impact.

Key Takeaways

• Enabling Automation: The X-Wagen is the core technological enabler for Vienna’s first fully automated metro line, the U5, positioning the city’s transit system at the forefront of operational innovation.
• Enhanced Efficiency & Sustainability: Through its lightweight aluminum construction, airless braking system, and use of recyclable materials, the project sets a new benchmark for energy efficiency and sustainable lifecycle management in urban rail.
• Improved Passenger Experience: The open-gangway design, real-time information systems, and increased capacity directly address passenger needs for comfort, accessibility, and seamless journeys.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

When will the Vienna X-Wagen trains be fully operational?
The full fleet of 34 X-Wagen trains from the initial order is scheduled to be delivered and in service by 2030. The trains are being introduced in phases, with the first units entering passenger service in mid-2023 on existing lines, followed by deployment on the automated U5 line upon its opening.

Who is building the new Vienna metro trains?
The X-Wagen metro trains are being designed and manufactured by Siemens Mobility at their main facility in Vienna-Simmering. Siemens Mobility is the lead contractor, collaborating with key European suppliers such as Liebherr for air conditioning systems and HÜBNER for the gangway connections.