Alstom Tests Hybrid ERTMS on Spain’s Secondary Rail Lines

Alstom is pioneering a new era of railway safety and efficiency with the ongoing testing of its innovative European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) on Spain’s secondary metre-gauge lines. This cutting-edge system, deployed on Adif’s León–Bilbao line, integrates satellite sensors and public telecommunications networks to significantly enhance operational capabilities on low-traffic density routes.

The initiative, developed by Alstom’s Centre of Excellence in Railway Safety and Signalling in Madrid, represents a significant advancement in extending advanced signalling standards to less trafficked lines. This ERTMS Level 2 application is specifically engineered to reduce trackside equipment while upholding the rigorous safety benchmarks established for high-speed rail. The project also includes trials for new operational scenarios, such as enhanced level crossing management, through ERTMS Level 1.

Strategic Impact of ERTMS on Secondary Lines

This groundbreaking project underscores Alstom’s dedication to innovation and safety within the rail sector, aiming to foster greater interoperability and efficiency across the entire network. Gustavo Mateos, Managing Director of the Signalling, Infrastructure and Railway Safety Unit at Alstom Spain and Portugal, expressed pride in the collaboration with Adif, stating, “This represents a significant step forward in enhancing the reliability and sustainability of rail operations in Spain.” The core innovation lies in the hybridisation of sensors, notably incorporating satellite technology for train positioning, seamlessly integrated with public telecommunications networks. This approach offers a cost-effective and robust solution for lines historically challenged by the expense and complexity of traditional ERTMS deployments.

Operational Rollout and Future Prospects

System testing commenced in November and is scheduled to continue through the first half of 2026. The initial phase involves verifying odometry measurements using ERTMS equipment installed on trains. Following Level 1 tests, the project will progress to Level 2 trials.

The overarching objective is to deliver a dependable and interoperable ERTMS solution tailored for secondary lines, thereby improving safety, efficiency, capacity, and service quality. Adif awarded Alstom the contract for this research, development, and innovation (R&D&I) project in April 2023, with a clear focus on leveraging satellite and public communication networks to replace GSM-R, demonstrating the economic and technical feasibility of extending advanced signalling beyond mainlines.

Industry Context and Alstom’s Expertise

ERTMS, the European Union’s premier train command and control system, has seen widespread adoption on international lines to ensure safe and interoperable operations. However, its implementation on secondary lines has been hampered by substantial costs and technical hurdles. Alstom’s new Level 2 application promises to unlock the benefits of ERTMS for these routes, including the potential for reduced headways between trains, lower operating costs, and heightened reliability. Alstom brings to this project over 30 years of signalling experience, having completed 135 ERTMS/ETCS projects globally, installed more than 19,200 onboard units, and supervised over 46,000 kilometres of track. The company’s extensive track record in Spain, featuring pioneering projects like the first ATP on the Mediterranean Corridor and the first driverless rail system at Madrid Airport, solidifies its position as a leader in modernising national rail infrastructure.